From the Guidelines
Flying with chronic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is possible with proper precautions, and the most recent guidelines suggest taking preventive measures to minimize the risk of clot formation or extension of existing clots. According to the most recent study 1, patients with chronic DVT are at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) during long-distance travel. To mitigate this risk, it is recommended to wear properly fitted compression stockings (15-30 mmHg) 1, stay hydrated, avoid alcohol and caffeine, and perform frequent leg exercises, such as calf muscle exercises and walking around the cabin every 1-2 hours 1.
When considering flying with chronic DVT, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider, especially if the DVT is recent (within 4 weeks) or if there are active symptoms. Most doctors recommend waiting at least 2-4 weeks after a DVT diagnosis before flying. Additionally, if on anticoagulant medication like warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, or enoxaparin, ensure it is taken as prescribed and that INR levels are stable if applicable.
Some key considerations for flying with chronic DVT include:
- Wearing properly fitted compression stockings (15-30 mmHg) to reduce the risk of VTE 1
- Staying hydrated and avoiding alcohol and caffeine to prevent dehydration 1
- Performing frequent leg exercises, such as calf muscle exercises and walking around the cabin every 1-2 hours 1
- Considering a direct flight rather than one with connections to minimize total sitting time
- Consulting with a healthcare provider before flying, especially if the DVT is recent or if there are active symptoms
The concern with flying is that prolonged immobility in a pressurized cabin can increase the risk of clot formation or extension of existing clots due to venous stasis, dehydration, and hypoxia at altitude. People with chronic DVT may have damaged vein valves that further increase this risk. However, with proper precautions and guidance from a healthcare provider, flying with chronic DVT can be done safely.
From the Research
Guidelines for Flying with Chronic Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
There are no specific guidelines mentioned in the provided studies regarding flying with chronic DVT. However, the studies discuss the treatment and management of DVT, which may be relevant to understanding the risks associated with flying.
Treatment and Management of DVT
- The treatment of proximal DVT includes an initial management phase, a primary treatment phase, and a secondary treatment phase 2.
- Anticoagulant drugs, such as low molecular weight heparin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), are the mainstay of treatment for DVT 2, 3.
- The duration of anticoagulant treatment is determined by the individual risk of recurrent VTE, and patients with unprovoked DVT or permanent, chronic risk factors may require indefinite anticoagulation 2, 3, 4.
- Graduated compression stockings may be used to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome, but their use is not routinely indicated after DVT 2, 3.
Risks Associated with Flying
Although there are no specific guidelines for flying with chronic DVT, patients with a history of DVT may be at increased risk of recurrence during long-distance travel, such as flying 5. However, this is not directly addressed in the provided studies.
Summary of Findings
The provided studies discuss the treatment and management of DVT, including the use of anticoagulant drugs and graduated compression stockings. While there are no specific guidelines for flying with chronic DVT, patients with a history of DVT may need to take precautions to reduce their risk of recurrence during long-distance travel.