Differential Diagnosis for Postpartum Headache
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Tension headache: This is the most common type of headache and can be exacerbated by the stress and fatigue associated with the postpartum period.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Migraine: Hormonal changes during the postpartum period can trigger migraines in susceptible individuals.
- Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH): If the patient had a spinal or epidural anesthesia during delivery, a PDPH is a possible cause of headache.
- Postpartum preeclampsia: Although less common, preeclampsia can occur postpartum and cause headaches.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage: A life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention, although rare, it can present with a sudden, severe headache.
- Pituitary apoplexy: A rare but potentially life-threatening condition that can cause sudden, severe headache, often associated with visual disturbances.
- Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: A rare condition that can cause headache and is associated with a high risk of mortality if not promptly treated.
- Meningitis: Infection of the meninges can cause headache, fever, and stiff neck, requiring prompt antibiotic treatment.
Rare Diagnoses
- Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS): A rare condition characterized by sudden, severe headache and reversible vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries.
- Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: A rare condition caused by spontaneous leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to headache and other neurological symptoms.
- Arteriovenous malformation (AVM): A rare congenital condition that can cause headache, although it is not typically associated with the postpartum period.