Dental Abscess: The presence of dental pain and fever suggests an infectious process, and the absence of systemic signs such as leukocytosis or positive lactic acid does not rule out a localized infection like a dental abscess.

Pulpitis: Inflammation of the dental pulp can cause pain and may be associated with a low-grade fever, especially if there is an underlying infection.
Periodontal Abscess: Similar to a dental abscess but involves the periodontal tissues, which could present with localized pain and fever without significant systemic response.
Pericoronitis: Inflammation of the tissue surrounding a partially erupted tooth, often associated with pain, fever, and swelling, which might not always lead to a significant systemic inflammatory response like leukocytosis.

Ludwig's Angina: A severe infection of the submandibular space that can cause significant swelling, pain, and fever. Although it might present without leukocytosis initially, it's a life-threatening condition that requires prompt recognition and treatment.
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis: A rare but potentially fatal complication of facial infections, including dental infections, which can present with fever, pain, and other neurological signs. The absence of leukocytosis does not diminish its importance.
Osteomyelitis of the Jaw: A bone infection that can result from a dental infection, presenting with pain and fever. It's crucial to diagnose and treat promptly to avoid complications.

Actinomycosis: A chronic bacterial infection that can affect the jaw and face, causing pain, fever, and swelling. It's less common and might not always present with the typical signs of infection like leukocytosis.
Necrotizing Fasciitis: A severe infection of the soft tissues that can follow a dental infection, characterized by pain, fever, and swelling, but the absence of leukocytosis does not rule it out, especially in its early stages.