Differential Diagnosis for 37-year-old with Last Menstrual Period
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Pregnancy: This is the most obvious and likely diagnosis given the context of a last menstrual period, as it directly relates to the cessation of menstruation due to conception.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular menstrual periods, which could explain the absence of a recent menstrual period.
- Stress or Weight Changes: Significant stress or changes in weight can disrupt the normal menstrual cycle, leading to missed periods.
- Hormonal Imbalance: Other hormonal imbalances, not related to pregnancy or PCOS, can affect menstrual regularity.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Pituitary Tumor: Although rare, a tumor in the pituitary gland can disrupt hormone production, leading to amenorrhea (absence of menstruation). Missing this diagnosis could have serious health implications.
- Thyroid Dysfunction: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can cause changes in menstrual patterns. Early detection is crucial for effective management.
- Premature Ovarian Failure: A condition where the ovaries stop functioning and menstruation ceases before the age of 40. It's essential to diagnose to address fertility and menopause-related issues early.
Rare Diagnoses
- Asherman’s Syndrome: A rare condition where scar tissue forms in the uterus, often after uterine surgery, which can lead to lighter or absent periods.
- Sheehan Syndrome: A condition that occurs in some women who experience severe blood loss during childbirth, leading to pituitary gland damage and subsequent hormonal deficiencies, including the cessation of menstruation.
- Genetic Disorders: Certain genetic conditions can affect menstrual regularity, though these are less common and often present with other symptoms.