What is the recommended order for taking copper gluconate and zinc picolinate supplements?

Copper and Zinc Supplementation Timing

Copper gluconate should be taken at least 2 hours apart from zinc picolinate to prevent zinc-induced inhibition of copper absorption. 1

Mechanism of Interaction

Zinc and copper compete for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract through the following mechanisms:

• Zinc induces metallothionein production in enterocytes (intestinal cells)
• Metallothionein has greater affinity for copper than zinc
• When both minerals are taken together, copper binds to metallothionein instead of being absorbed
• This bound copper is then excreted in feces as enterocytes are shed 2, 1

Optimal Supplementation Strategy

Timing Recommendations

• Take copper gluconate on an empty stomach for optimal absorption 1
• Take zinc picolinate at least 2 hours after copper supplementation 1
• Consider taking zinc with a small amount of vitamin C to enhance absorption 1

Form Selection Considerations

• Zinc picolinate appears to have better absorption than zinc gluconate or zinc citrate in some studies 3
• Zinc citrate and zinc gluconate have comparable absorption (around 61%) when taken without food 4
• Copper glycinate may have better bioavailability than copper gluconate 5

Avoiding Zinc-Induced Copper Deficiency

Excessive zinc supplementation without adequate copper can lead to serious health consequences:

• Hypochromic-microcytic anemia
• Leukopenia and neutropenia
• Neurological symptoms 6

Prevention Strategies:

• Maintain a zinc-to-copper ratio of 8-15:1 1
• For typical supplementation:
  • 15-30 mg zinc daily
  • 2 mg copper daily 1
• Monitor serum copper and zinc levels periodically if taking supplements long-term 1

Special Considerations

• Individuals with malabsorptive conditions may require adjusted dosing and more careful monitoring 2, 1
• Water-miscible forms of minerals may improve absorption in those with malabsorptive conditions 2
• Those with Wilson's disease should avoid copper supplementation and follow their physician's guidance 1

Practical Application

1. Morning: Take copper gluconate on an empty stomach
2. At least 2 hours later: Take zinc picolinate
3. Take both supplements away from meals for optimal absorption
4. If compliance is an issue, prioritize separation of the supplements over taking them on an empty stomach

This timing strategy will help maximize the absorption of both minerals while preventing zinc-induced copper deficiency.