Asthma: This is a common condition in children that can cause recurrent episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath, potentially leading to lung collapse due to airway obstruction and hyperinflation.

Pneumonia: Bacterial or viral infections can cause pneumonia, which may lead to lung collapse (atelectasis) due to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs.
Cystic Fibrosis: A genetic disorder that leads to the production of thick, sticky mucus, which can clog the airways and cause lung collapse, along with other respiratory and digestive issues.
Foreign Body Aspiration: Young children are prone to putting objects into their mouths, which can accidentally be inhaled and block an airway, leading to lung collapse.

Pneumothorax: Air in the space between the lungs and chest cavity can cause a lung to collapse. This can be spontaneous or due to trauma and is a medical emergency.
Tuberculosis (TB): Although less common in young children in some regions, TB can cause lung collapse and is critical to diagnose due to its infectious nature and the need for specific treatment.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A birth defect where there is a hole in the diaphragm, which can allow abdominal organs to move into the chest and put pressure on the lungs, potentially causing them to collapse.

Lymphangioma: A rare condition involving the lymphatic system that can cause cysts to form in various parts of the body, including the lungs, potentially leading to lung collapse.
Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A rare disorder in which abnormal cells accumulate in the lungs, leading to the formation of cysts and nodules that can cause lung collapse.
Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia of Infancy (NEHI): A rare lung disease that affects infants and can cause respiratory symptoms and lung collapse due to inflammation and overgrowth of neuroendocrine cells in the airways.