From the Research
Leukopenia, or a low white blood cell count, can be caused by various factors, including viral infections, certain medications such as antibiotics like ceftriaxone and meropenem 1, autoimmune disorders, bone marrow disorders, or nutritional deficiencies. The causes of leukopenia can be broadly categorized into several groups, including:
- Infections: Viral infections, such as HIV or hepatitis, can cause leukopenia 2
- Medications: Certain antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone and meropenem, can induce neutropenia, a type of leukopenia 1
- Autoimmune disorders: Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus can cause leukopenia
- Bone marrow disorders: Diseases like leukemia or lymphoma can affect the production of white blood cells
- Nutritional deficiencies: Lack of essential nutrients, such as vitamin B12 or folate, can lead to leukopenia It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause of leukopenia and receive appropriate treatment. Treatment may involve stopping certain medications, prescribing growth factors like filgrastim (Neupogen) at 5-10 mcg/kg daily for severe neutropenia, or treating underlying conditions. While waiting for medical care, it is crucial to take precautions to prevent infections by washing hands frequently, avoiding sick people, cooking food thoroughly, and maintaining good hygiene. A low WBC count is concerning because white blood cells are crucial for fighting infections, and their reduction compromises the immune system's ability to protect against pathogens. The severity and risk depend on which specific white blood cells are low and how low the count is, with neutrophil counts below 500/μL posing the highest infection risk.