Augmentin Should Be Taken with Food to Minimize Gastrointestinal Side Effects
Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate) should be taken at the start of a meal to enhance absorption of clavulanate and reduce gastrointestinal side effects. 1
Rationale for Taking Augmentin with Food
The FDA drug label for amoxicillin/clavulanate clearly states that while the medication may be taken without regard to meals, there are significant benefits to taking it with food:
- Enhanced absorption: Absorption of clavulanate potassium is greater when taken with food 1
- Reduced GI intolerance: Taking Augmentin at the start of a meal minimizes the potential for gastrointestinal upset 1
- Improved compliance: Better tolerability leads to better adherence to the prescribed regimen
Administration Recommendations
The FDA label specifically recommends:
- Take each dose with a meal or snack 1
- Ideally, administer at the start of a meal for optimal absorption and tolerability 1
- For patients who have difficulty swallowing tablets, suspension formulations are available 1
Clinical Implications
While the amoxicillin component of Augmentin can be given without regard to meals, the clavulanate component benefits from food co-administration:
- In one study, the relative bioavailability of clavulanate was reduced when Augmentin was dosed 30-150 minutes after a high-fat breakfast 1
- Taking Augmentin closer to meals is acceptable if it ensures better compliance 1
Common Side Effects and Mitigation
Gastrointestinal side effects are among the most common adverse reactions to Augmentin. Taking the medication with food helps reduce:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal discomfort
- Diarrhea
Special Considerations
- For twice-daily dosing regimens (e.g., 875/125 mg formulation), each dose should be taken with a meal, approximately 12 hours apart
- For three-times-daily dosing regimens (e.g., 500/125 mg formulation), each dose should be taken with meals or snacks, approximately 8 hours apart
Summary
While Augmentin can technically be taken without food, the evidence strongly supports taking it with meals to optimize the absorption of clavulanate and minimize gastrointestinal side effects. This recommendation is clearly stated in the FDA drug labeling and is important for ensuring both efficacy and patient comfort during the treatment course.