Menopause or Perimenopause: This is the most common cause of hot flashes, and they can be triggered by various factors including eating a large meal. The hormonal changes during this phase can lead to vasomotor symptoms such as hot flashes.

Food Intolerances or Sensitivities: Certain foods can trigger hot flashes in some individuals, possibly due to an immune response or the release of histamine.
Anxiety or Stress: Eating can sometimes trigger anxiety or stress, which can manifest as hot flashes in susceptible individuals.
Hypoglycemia or Blood Sugar Swings: Large meals, especially those high in carbohydrates, can cause a rapid increase in blood sugar followed by a crash, potentially leading to hot flashes.
Medication Side Effects: Certain medications, such as those used to treat depression, hypertension, or asthma, can cause hot flashes as a side effect.

Pheochromocytoma: A rare tumor of the adrenal gland that can cause episodes of hot flashes, palpitations, and hypertension. Although rare, it is critical to diagnose due to its potential severity.
Carcinoid Syndrome: A condition caused by a neuroendocrine tumor that can produce substances leading to hot flashes, among other symptoms.
Thyroid Disorders: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can cause hot flashes, although the presence of other symptoms such as weight changes, fatigue, or palpitations would help differentiate these conditions.

Mastocytosis: A condition characterized by an accumulation of mast cells in the body, which can release histamine and cause symptoms including hot flashes.
Eating Disorders: Certain eating disorders can lead to nutritional deficiencies or metabolic changes that might result in hot flashes.
Autonomic Dysfunction: Disorders affecting the autonomic nervous system, such as dysautonomia, can lead to a variety of symptoms including hot flashes, especially after eating.