Differential Diagnosis for Pancreatic Cystic Mass
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Pseudocyst: This is the most common cystic lesion of the pancreas, often resulting from pancreatitis. It is a fluid collection that usually has a well-defined wall and can be either acute or chronic.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN): A type of tumor that grows within the pancreatic ducts and has the potential to become cancerous. It produces mucin, leading to the dilation of the ducts and formation of cysts.
- Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm (MCN): A type of cystic tumor that is usually found in women and has the potential to become malignant. It is characterized by the presence of mucin-producing epithelial cells and a dense ovarian-type stroma.
- Serous Cystadenoma: A benign tumor of the pancreas that is usually filled with a serous fluid. It is more common in women and often has a characteristic appearance on imaging with multiple small cysts.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Cystic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor: Although less common, these tumors can present as cystic masses and have the potential to be malignant. Early diagnosis is crucial due to their potential for malignancy and the availability of treatment options.
- Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm (SPN): A rare tumor that can present with cystic components. It is more common in young women and has a low malignant potential, but it can cause significant symptoms and complications if not treated.
Rare Diagnoses
- Lymphoepithelial Cyst: A rare, benign cystic lesion of the pancreas thought to arise from lymphatic tissue. It is usually an incidental finding and has no malignant potential.
- Dermoid Cyst: A rare type of cyst that contains elements from all three germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm), including hair, teeth, and sometimes thyroid tissue. It is extremely rare in the pancreas.
- Pancreatic Cystic Lymphangioma: A rare, benign cystic lesion composed of lymphatic tissue. It is usually found in children and can cause symptoms due to its size and location.