From the Research
Radiographic Changes Associated with Hypercalcemia
There are no direct radiographic changes associated with hypercalcemia mentioned in the provided studies. However, the studies discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatment of hypercalcemia.
Causes and Symptoms of Hypercalcemia
- Hypercalcemia can be caused by primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancies, granulomatous disease, endocrinopathies, immobilization, genetic disorders, and certain medications 1, 2, 3.
- Symptoms of hypercalcemia can include fatigue, constipation, nausea, vomiting, dehydration, confusion, somnolence, and coma 1, 2.
- Hypercalcemia can also lead to acute renal failure, hypertension, and tubular necrosis 4.
Treatment of Hypercalcemia
- Treatment of hypercalcemia depends on the severity of the condition and can include hydration, intravenous bisphosphonates, denosumab, and calcitonin 1, 2, 4.
- In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy may be considered depending on age, serum calcium level, and kidney or skeletal involvement 1.
Hypercalcemia in Specific Populations
- In children, hypercalcemia can be caused by parathyroid hormone (PTH)-dependent or PTH-independent disorders, and can present with symptoms such as hypotonia, poor feeding, and seizures 5.
- In patients with cancer, hypercalcemia can be caused by hypercalcemia of malignancy, which can be fatal if left untreated 3.