Latest Biomedical Waste Disposal Color Codes
Biomedical waste must be segregated at the source of generation using color-coded containers that prevent leakage, with sharps placed in puncture-resistant, color-coded, and leakproof containers to minimize risk of infection transmission. 1
Current Color Coding System for Biomedical Waste
The proper segregation of biomedical waste is the most important step in waste management, with color coding serving as a critical visual system to ensure proper handling and disposal. Based on available guidelines, the following color-coded system should be implemented:
Non-Sharp Regulated Medical Waste
- Color-coded containers (typically red biohazard bags) must be used for non-sharp regulated medical waste 1
- These containers must prevent leakage and be properly labeled with the biohazard symbol 1
Sharp Items
- Puncture-resistant, color-coded, and leakproof sharps containers must be used for:
- Needles
- Scalpel blades
- Orthodontic bands
- Broken metal instruments
- Burs 1
- Sharps containers must be closed immediately before removal or replacement to prevent spillage or protrusion of contents during handling, storage, transport, or shipping 1
Liquid Waste
- Blood, suctioned fluids, or other liquid waste should be carefully poured into a drain connected to a sanitary sewer system
- This disposal method is only appropriate if:
- Local sewage discharge requirements are met
- The state has declared this an acceptable method of disposal
- Appropriate PPE must be worn while performing this task 1
Implementation Requirements
Training and Compliance
- Healthcare facilities must develop a comprehensive medical waste management program 1
- All dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) who handle and dispose of regulated medical waste must be trained in:
- Appropriate handling methods
- Proper disposal techniques
- Potential health and safety hazards 1
Regulatory Considerations
- Disposal of regulated medical waste must follow federal, state, and local regulations 1
- Regular updates to training are necessary as regulations may change over time 2
Common Pitfalls and Challenges
Inadequate segregation: The most critical step in waste management is proper segregation at the source of generation. Failure to properly segregate waste increases risk of infection transmission and environmental contamination 2
Lack of awareness about health hazards: Many healthcare workers lack awareness of the health hazards associated with improperly segregated and disposed biomedical waste, which can lead to occupational injuries and disease transmission 2
Laboratory waste handling: This is often the least understood area of biomedical waste management guidelines and requires special attention during training 2
Pandemic situations: During pandemic situations like COVID-19, there are significant increases in biomedical waste generation, particularly PPE waste, which requires additional management strategies 3, 4
Outdated disposal methods: Older facilities such as incineration produce toxic fumes (dioxins and furans) that are harmful to both health and environment. Newer waste treatment facilities such as plasma pyrolysis, encapsulation, and inertisation are preferred 5
The proper management of biomedical waste is essential for protecting healthcare workers, patients, the public, and the environment from potential infection and contamination risks. Regular training, strict adherence to color-coding systems, and compliance with current regulations are necessary to ensure safe and effective waste management.