Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: September 18, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia and Fever

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Viral Hepatitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the presentation of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia and fever. Viral hepatitis, such as hepatitis A, B, or E, can cause an acute infection leading to liver inflammation, which results in elevated conjugated bilirubin levels and systemic symptoms like fever.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Bacterial Cholangitis: Infection of the bile ducts can cause conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, fever, and potentially life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. It's a consideration, especially if there's a history of biliary tract disease or instrumentation.
  • Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI): Certain medications can cause liver injury, leading to elevated liver enzymes and conjugated bilirubin. Given the patient's age, recent medication use should be explored as a potential cause.
  • Autoimmune Hepatitis: Although less common, autoimmune hepatitis can present acutely and cause conjugated hyperbilirubinemia along with other symptoms like fever and malaise.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Wilson's Disease: Although rare, Wilson's disease is a genetic disorder that leads to copper accumulation in the liver and can cause liver dysfunction, including conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. It's crucial to consider in young patients to prevent long-term liver damage.
  • Budd-Chiari Syndrome: This condition, caused by hepatic vein thrombosis, can lead to acute liver dysfunction, including conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. It's a medical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
  • Sepsis with Liver Dysfunction: Sepsis from any cause can lead to liver dysfunction and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Given the presence of fever, sepsis should always be considered, especially if the patient shows signs of systemic inflammation or organ dysfunction.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC): An autoimmune disease of the liver that primarily affects the bile ducts, leading to cholestasis and potentially conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. It's more common in middle-aged women but can occur in younger individuals.
  • Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC): A chronic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts, which can cause conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. It's often associated with inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH): A rare disorder of the immune system that can cause liver dysfunction among other systemic symptoms. It's a diagnosis of exclusion and should be considered if other causes are ruled out.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.