Tinea capitis: This is a fungal infection of the scalp, commonly seen in children. It can cause lymphadenopathy (enlargement of the lymph nodes) in the scalp region due to the body's immune response to the infection.

Seborrheic dermatitis: An inflammatory skin condition that can cause a scalp lymph node to become palpable due to the body's reaction to the skin irritation.
Psoriasis: A chronic autoimmune condition that can lead to scalp involvement, potentially causing lymphadenopathy.
Folliculitis: An inflammation of the hair follicles, which can be caused by bacterial or fungal infections, leading to lymph node enlargement.
Contact dermatitis: An allergic or irritant reaction to substances coming into contact with the scalp, potentially causing a lymph node to become palpable.

Lymphoma: Although less common, lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system) can present with lymphadenopathy in any location, including the scalp. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
Metastatic cancer: Certain types of cancer, such as melanoma or other skin cancers, can metastasize to lymph nodes, including those in the scalp. Identifying the primary source of the cancer is critical for treatment planning.
Infections like tuberculosis or cat-scratch disease: These infections can cause lymphadenopathy and, although less common, should not be overlooked due to their potential severity and the need for specific treatments.

Kerion: A severe form of tinea capitis that can lead to significant inflammation and lymphadenopathy.
Alopecia areata: An autoimmune condition causing hair loss, which can occasionally be associated with lymphadenopathy.
Sarcoidosis: A condition characterized by the growth of granulomas (inflammatory cells) in various parts of the body, including the scalp, leading to lymph node enlargement.
Histoplasmosis or coccidioidomycosis: Fungal infections that can cause lymphadenopathy, though they are more commonly associated with lung involvement.