What causes hyperandrogenic pots (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: March 17, 2025 • View editorial policy

From the Guidelines

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is primarily caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors, including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperandrogenism, which contribute to the development of hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation. The pathogenesis of PCOS involves the acceleration of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, insulin resistance, and downstream metabolic dysregulation, leading to hypersecretion of luteinizing hormone, ovarian theca stromal cell hyperactivity, and hypofunction of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-granulosa cell axis, resulting in hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, follicular arrest, and ovarian acyclicity 1.

Several factors contribute to the development of PCOS, including:

  • Genetic mutations affecting androgen production or metabolism
  • Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which exacerbate hyperandrogenism
  • Environmental factors, such as obesity and lifestyle habits
  • Hormonal imbalances, including elevated luteinizing hormone and androgen levels

The diagnosis of PCOS is based on the presence of two of three criteria: ovulatory dysfunction, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM) on ultrasound or elevated anti-Müllerian hormone levels 2.

The most recent and highest-quality study on PCOS diagnosis and management recommends a comprehensive approach, including lifestyle modifications, such as weight loss and exercise, to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce androgen levels, as well as medical interventions, such as oral contraceptives and antiandrogen drugs, to manage hirsutism and other symptoms 3.

In terms of specific diagnostic tests, the measurement of androgen levels, such as testosterone and androstenedione, can be useful in diagnosing PCOS, but the results should be interpreted with caution, taking into account factors such as age, weight, and medication use 2.

Overall, the management of PCOS requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving lifestyle modifications, medical interventions, and psychological support, to improve symptoms, quality of life, and long-term health outcomes 3.

From the Research

Causes of Hyperandrogenic Pots (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)

The causes of hyperandrogenic pots, also known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), are complex and multifaceted. According to the studies, the main causes of PCOS can be summarized as follows:

  • Hyperandrogenism, which is characterized by high levels of androgens in the body 4, 5
  • Insulin resistance, which can lead to hyperinsulinemia and stimulate androgen synthesis in the ovary 5
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction, which is present in PCOS patients and is linked to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism 5
  • Other causes of hyperandrogenism, such as non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH), Cushing's disease, and androgen-secreting tumors of ovarian or adrenal origin 4, 6, 7

Factors Contributing to Hyperandrogenism

Several factors can contribute to hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients, including:

  • Genetic predisposition 4
  • Hormonal imbalances, such as high levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and low levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 4
  • Environmental factors, such as obesity and diet 6
  • Other medical conditions, such as Cushing's disease and acromegaly 6

Diagnosis and Treatment

The diagnosis of PCOS is based on the detection of hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction 4, 5. Treatment options for PCOS include:

  • Medications, such as metformin and spironolactone, to reduce insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism 5, 8
  • Hormonal therapies, such as birth control pills, to regulate menstrual cycles and reduce androgen levels 4
  • Lifestyle modifications, such as weight loss and exercise, to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce androgen levels 6

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.