From the Research
Bed bug infestations should be treated with a comprehensive approach including both chemical and non-chemical methods, prioritizing integrated pest management and consultation with a professional exterminator for optimal results, as recommended by the most recent study 1. The symptoms of Cimex lectularius (bed bug) infestation include pruritic, erythematous maculopapules occurring in clusters or in a linear or curvilinear distribution in exposed areas of the body, with a small red punctum at the center of the bite mark, and may cause diverse dermal reactions, stigmatization, poor self-esteem, emotional stress, anxiety, and significant adverse effect on quality of life 1. Treatment options for bed bug bites include topical pramoxine and oral antihistamines to alleviate pruritus, and topical corticosteroids for significant eruptions to control inflammation and pruritus, and to hasten resolution of the lesions 1. Nonchemical interventions include keeping affected areas clean and free of clutter, vacuuming, washing linens with hot water, caulking wall holes and cracks where bugs can hide, proper disposal of highly infested items, and placement of bed bug traps/interceptors at the base of beds and furniture 1. Chemical interventions involve the use of insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids, silicates, insect growth disruptors, carbamates, organophosphates, neonicotinoids, diethyl-meta-toluamide, chlorfenapyr, fipronil, and plant essential oils, but should be used with caution to prevent over-exposure and toxicity, especially if there are young children around 1. Some key points to consider in the treatment and prevention of bed bug infestations include:
- The importance of proper awareness and identification of bed bug infestations to guide treatment and eradication 1
- The need for a comprehensive approach to eliminate bed bugs, including both chemical and non-chemical methods 1
- The recommendation to consult with a professional exterminator for severe infestations or for optimal results 1
- The potential for bed bug bites to cause significant adverse effects on quality of life, and the importance of addressing these effects in treatment plans 1