Differential Diagnosis for Itchy Rash Throughout Body and on Palms of Hands with Fever
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Scabies: This condition is highly contagious and causes an itchy rash that can spread across the body, including the palms of the hands. The presence of fever may indicate a secondary infection. Scabies is a common cause of itchy rashes and should be considered first due to its prevalence and the match of symptoms.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): Characterized by itchy, inflamed skin that can appear anywhere on the body, including the palms. Fever can occur if there's a secondary bacterial infection.
- Contact Dermatitis: An allergic reaction or irritation causing itchy, red skin. It can appear on the palms and potentially spread if the allergen or irritant is widespread.
- Pityriasis Rosea: A skin condition that starts with a single, large spot (herald patch) followed by an itchy rash across the body. While less common on palms, it's a consideration for widespread itchy rashes.
- Drug Reaction: Certain medications can cause itchy rashes as part of an allergic reaction. The rash can appear anywhere on the body, including the palms, and may be accompanied by fever.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Meningococcemia: A severe infection that can cause a rash, fever, and potentially life-threatening complications. The rash can initially appear as small, itchy spots but quickly progresses.
- Secondary Syphilis: Can cause a rash on the palms and soles, accompanied by fever. It's crucial to consider syphilis due to its serious long-term consequences if left untreated.
- Kawasaki Disease: Although more common in children, it can cause fever, rash, and other systemic symptoms. Early diagnosis is critical to prevent cardiac complications.
Rare Diagnoses
- Pemphigus: A group of autoimmune diseases that cause blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. While rare, it can present with widespread skin lesions and fever.
- Dengue Fever: A viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes, characterized by high fever, severe headache, and a rash. The rash can be itchy and appear on the palms.
- Chikungunya: Another mosquito-borne viral disease that causes fever, joint pain, and a rash that can be itchy. The rash may appear on the palms and soles.