Differential Diagnosis for Urethral Pain after Swimming

• Single most likely diagnosis
  • Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): This is the most likely diagnosis due to the common occurrence of UTIs, especially in individuals who engage in activities that increase the risk of bacterial introduction into the urinary tract, such as swimming. The urethral pain could be a symptom of an infection.
• Other Likely diagnoses
  • Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, which could be caused by infection or irritation from swimming, especially in chlorinated pools.
  • Trauma: Minor trauma to the urethra during swimming, possibly from a kick or other accidental contact, could cause pain.
  • Interstitial Cystitis: A condition causing bladder pressure, bladder pain, and sometimes pelvic pain, which could be exacerbated by swimming or the introduction of irritants into the urinary system.
• Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Certain STIs, like gonorrhea or chlamydia, can cause urethral pain and must be considered, especially if there's a history of unprotected sexual activity.
  • Kidney Stones: While less common, kidney stones can cause severe pain, including urethral pain if a stone is passing through the ureters or urethra.
• Rare diagnoses
  • Urethral Stricture: A narrowing of the urethra, which could be congenital or caused by injury, infection, or inflammation, leading to obstructive and painful urination.
  • Schistosomiasis: A parasitic infection that can cause urinary symptoms, including urethral pain, though this would be extremely rare in individuals who have not traveled to endemic areas.