Differential Diagnosis for Hoarse Voice
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Acute Laryngitis: This is the most common cause of hoarse voice, often resulting from a viral upper respiratory infection, overuse of the voice, or exposure to irritants like smoke. It's usually self-limiting and resolves with rest and hydration.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Vocal Cord Nodules or Polyps: These are benign growths on the vocal cords that can cause hoarseness due to voice abuse or overuse. They may require surgical intervention if conservative management fails.
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Stomach acid reflux can irritate the vocal cords, leading to hoarseness. This is more likely in individuals with a history of GERD symptoms.
- Allergic Laryngitis: Allergies can cause inflammation and irritation of the larynx, resulting in a hoarse voice.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Laryngeal Cancer: Although rare, laryngeal cancer can present with persistent hoarseness. It's crucial to investigate further, especially in smokers or those with a significant smoking history.
- Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland can affect the recurrent laryngeal nerve, leading to hoarseness. This condition requires prompt medical attention.
- Neurological Disorders (e.g., Parkinson's Disease, Myasthenia Gravis): Certain neurological conditions can affect the nerves controlling the vocal cords, resulting in hoarseness.
- Rare diagnoses
- Relapsing Polychondritis: A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation of the laryngeal cartilages, leading to hoarseness.
- Sarcoidosis: A condition characterized by the growth of granulomas in various parts of the body, including the larynx, which can cause hoarseness.
- Amyloidosis: A rare condition where abnormal proteins (amyloid) accumulate in various organs, including the larynx, potentially causing hoarseness.