Differential Diagnosis for Left Sided Face Pain
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Trigeminal Neuralgia: This condition is characterized by sudden, severe, and stabbing pain typically on one side of the face, which matches the patient's symptoms. It's more common in older adults, making it a likely diagnosis for a 58-year-old.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder: Pain in the face, particularly in the jaw area, can be associated with TMJ disorders. This condition is common and can cause significant discomfort on one side of the face.
- Dental Problems: Toothaches, abscesses, or gum disease can cause severe pain on one side of the face. Given the prevalence of dental issues, this is a plausible diagnosis.
- Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses can cause pain in the face, particularly in the cheek and forehead areas. This condition is relatively common and could explain unilateral face pain.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): Although less common, facial pain can be a symptom of a stroke or TIA, especially if accompanied by other neurological deficits. Missing this diagnosis could be catastrophic.
- Multiple Sclerosis: This condition can cause facial pain, among other neurological symptoms. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management.
- Lymphoma or Other Cancers: Certain cancers can cause facial pain, either by direct invasion or through metastasis. While less likely, these conditions are critical not to miss due to their severe implications.
Rare Diagnoses
- Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: This is a rare condition that causes sharp, stabbing pain in the back of the throat, tongue, and ear, but can also radiate to the face. It's less common than trigeminal neuralgia but should be considered in the differential.
- Occipital Neuralgia: Involves the nerves that run from the base of the skull to the scalp and can cause pain on one side of the face, although it typically presents with scalp pain.
- Raeder's Syndrome: A rare condition characterized by a combination of facial pain, ptosis (drooping eyelid), and miosis (constricted pupil) on the same side of the face, often associated with sympathetic nervous system dysfunction.