Air Travel Safety for Babies: Recommended Age and Associated Risks
It is prudent to wait for at least 1 week after birth before allowing infants to fly to ensure the infant is healthy. 1
Recommended Age for Babies to Fly
The British Thoracic Society provides clear guidance on when babies can safely travel by air:
- Healthy newborns should wait at least 1 week after birth before flying 1
- This waiting period allows for:
- Confirmation that the infant is healthy
- Stabilization of respiratory function
- Completion of initial health assessments
Special Considerations for Babies with Medical Conditions
For infants with certain medical conditions, additional precautions are necessary:
Premature infants or those with neonatal respiratory problems:
- Consultation with a pediatrician is required before flying 1
- A hypoxic challenge test may be necessary to assess how the infant will respond to reduced oxygen levels at altitude 1
- For oxygen-dependent infants with chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia), oxygen requirements should be specifically titrated in a body box test 1
Former preterm infants without chronic lung disease:
- Hypoxia altitude simulation testing is generally not recommended for these infants 2
Primary Health Risks for Babies During Air Travel
1. Reduced Oxygen Levels (Hypoxia)
- Aircraft cabins are pressurized to an altitude of approximately 6,000-8,000 feet
- This results in reduced fraction of inspired oxygen (approximately 15% compared to 21% at sea level) 3
- Effects on babies:
2. Ear Pain Due to Pressure Changes
- Babies cannot voluntarily equalize pressure in their middle ears
- Risk factors:
- Upper respiratory infections
- Congestion
- Recent ear infections
3. Exposure to Infectious Diseases
- Recirculation of air in confined spaces increases infection risk
- Limited air exchange in aircraft cabins
- Close proximity to other passengers
4. Safety During Turbulence
- Unrestrained infants are at risk during turbulence or emergency situations 4
- The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends:
- A mandatory federal requirement for restraint use for children on aircraft
- Parents should ensure a seat is available for all children during air travel 4
Practical Recommendations for Parents
- For healthy infants: Wait at least 1 week after birth before flying 1
- For feeding during takeoff and landing: Breastfeed or bottle-feed to help equalize ear pressure
- For hydration: Ensure adequate fluid intake due to low cabin humidity
- For safety: Consider purchasing a separate seat and using an approved child restraint system 4
- For infection prevention: Frequent hand washing and minimizing contact with high-touch surfaces
When to Seek Medical Advice Before Flying
Medical consultation is strongly recommended before flying if the infant:
- Is less than 1 week old
- Was born prematurely
- Has any history of respiratory problems
- Has had recent surgery
- Has active ear infections or congestion
- Has any chronic medical condition
By following these guidelines, parents can minimize risks and ensure a safer air travel experience for their infants.