Primary Aldosteronism (Conn's Syndrome): This condition is characterized by the excessive production of aldosterone, leading to hypertension, hypokalemia, and elevated aldosterone levels. The elevated renin levels could be seen in certain subtypes or due to secondary effects. It's a common cause of secondary hypertension and fits the biochemical profile presented.

Renal Artery Stenosis: This condition can cause elevated renin and aldosterone levels due to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, triggering the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). It's a plausible cause of uncontrolled hypertension in a young individual.
Pheochromocytoma: Although primarily known for causing paroxysmal hypertension due to catecholamine excess, some cases can present with sustained hypertension. The elevated renin and aldosterone could be secondary to the primary catecholamine-induced effects on the kidneys and RAAS.
Cushing's Syndrome: Excess cortisol can lead to hypertension and can also affect the RAAS, potentially leading to elevated renin and aldosterone levels. However, the clinical presentation would typically include other signs of cortisol excess.

Renin-producing Tumor: A rare tumor that directly produces renin, leading to elevated aldosterone levels and severe hypertension. Missing this diagnosis could lead to unnecessary prolonged medical treatment instead of curative surgery.
Aortic Coarctation: A congenital condition characterized by narrowing of the aortic isthmus, leading to hypertension in young individuals. It can stimulate the RAAS, resulting in elevated renin and aldosterone levels. It's crucial to diagnose due to the potential for serious cardiovascular complications if left untreated.

Familial Hyperaldosteronism: A genetic condition leading to excessive aldosterone production. It's rare but should be considered in young patients with severe hypertension and a family history of similar conditions.
Glucocorticoid-remediable Aldosteronism: A rare form of primary aldosteronism caused by a genetic defect, leading to aldosterone production being regulated by ACTH instead of renin-angiotensin. It's characterized by variable renin levels and can be treated with glucocorticoids.
Bartter Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder affecting the kidneys' ability to reabsorb sodium, leading to elevated renin and aldosterone levels. However, it typically presents with hypokalemia, alkalosis, and normal to low blood pressure, making it less likely in this scenario.