Constipation: This is often the most common cause of low abdominal pain, especially if the pain is accompanied by changes in bowel habits, bloating, or difficulty passing stools.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Characterized by recurring abdominal pain associated with a change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation, without an identifiable cause.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): Can cause lower abdominal pain, especially if the infection has moved up to the kidneys (pyelonephritis).
Ovarian Cysts: In women, ovarian cysts can cause low abdominal pain, especially if the cyst ruptures or twists (torsion).
Diverticulitis: Inflammation of the diverticula in the digestive tract, which can cause pain in the lower left abdomen.

Appendicitis: Although it typically presents with pain in the right lower quadrant, appendicitis can sometimes cause lower abdominal pain if the appendix is located in a retrocecal position.
Ectopic Pregnancy: A pregnancy that develops outside the uterus, which can cause severe abdominal pain and is a medical emergency.
Ruptured Ovarian Cyst: Can cause severe pain and internal bleeding, requiring immediate medical attention.
Intestinal Obstruction: A blockage in the intestine that can cause severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation.

Endometriosis: A condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of it, causing pain, especially during menstruation.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Lymphoma: A type of cancer that can cause abdominal pain, swelling, and weight loss, though it's less common as a primary cause of low abdominal pain.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A swelling of the main blood vessel that leads from the heart and passes through the abdomen, which can cause abdominal pain and is a medical emergency if it ruptures.