Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx): Characterized by small, itchy blisters or pustules on the hands or feet, often associated with stress, allergies, or exposure to certain metals. The condition's presentation matches the description given.

Contact Dermatitis: An allergic or irritant reaction to substances like soaps, detergents, or certain chemicals, leading to skin inflammation and potentially pustular lesions.
Impetigo: A highly contagious skin infection that can cause pustules, typically golden-crusted, but can appear white in early stages.
Folliculitis: An inflammation of the hair follicles, which can lead to pustules, often due to bacterial or fungal infections.
Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that can cause pustular lesions, especially on the palms (palmoplantar pustulosis), though it's less common than other forms of psoriasis.

Gonococcal Infection: Though less common, gonococcal infections can cause skin lesions, including pustules, and are critical to diagnose due to the need for prompt antibiotic treatment and the potential for severe complications if left untreated.
Meningococcemia: A severe infection that can cause a rash, which may initially appear as pustules, and is life-threatening if not promptly treated.

Pustular Psoriasis (Generalized): A rare and severe form of psoriasis that can cause widespread pustules, though it typically involves more than just the hands.
Acropustulosis: A rare condition characterized by recurrent crops of pustules on the hands and feet, often associated with other systemic diseases.
Subcorneal Pustular Dermatosis: A rare skin condition characterized by pustules that typically occur on the trunk, but can occasionally affect the hands, associated with systemic diseases or as a drug reaction.