Stress Urinary Incontinence: This condition is characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine on effort or exertion, or on sneezing or coughing. It's the most common type of urinary incontinence and is often associated with weakened pelvic floor muscles, making it a likely diagnosis for someone experiencing urine leakage.

Urge Urinary Incontinence: This involves the involuntary leakage accompanied by or immediately preceded by urgency. It's a common form of incontinence, often related to overactive bladder.
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: A combination of stress and urge incontinence, which can complicate the diagnosis but is a common presentation in clinical practice.
Overflow Incontinence: Characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine due to an overdistended bladder that cannot be emptied, often seen in patients with urinary retention or bladder outlet obstruction.

Neurogenic Bladder: A condition resulting from a lack of bladder control due to a brain, spinal cord, or nerve problem. Missing this diagnosis could lead to severe complications, including kidney damage.
Urethral Diverticulum: A condition where a pouch or pocket forms in the wall of the urethra, which can cause urine leakage. It's less common but can be serious if not addressed.
Fistula: An abnormal connection between the bladder or ureters and the vagina, which can cause continuous urine leakage. This condition is critical to identify due to its significant impact on quality of life and potential for complications.

Ectopic Ureter: A congenital anomaly where the ureter opens at a location other than the normal entrance in the bladder, which can cause continuous incontinence. It's rare, especially in adults, but can be a cause of incontinence in some cases.
Bladder Exstrophy: A rare congenital anomaly where the bladder is open and turned inside out, often associated with other abnormalities of the pelvic area. It's a rare cause of urinary incontinence but is critical to diagnose early for appropriate management.