What is the diagnosis for a 5-month-old with a small sebaceous or epidermal inclusion cyst?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: March 18, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for a Tiny Sebaceous or Epidermal Inclusion Cyst in a 5-Month-Old

  • Single Most Likely Diagnosis
    • Epidermal inclusion cyst: This is the most likely diagnosis given the description of the cyst as tiny and sebaceous or epidermal in nature. Epidermal inclusion cysts are common, benign lesions that can occur at any age, including infancy, and are often found on the face, neck, or trunk.
  • Other Likely Diagnoses
    • Sebaceous cyst: Similar to epidermal inclusion cysts, sebaceous cysts are benign and can occur in infants. They are typically filled with a cheesy, semi-solid material and can be found on the face, neck, or trunk.
    • Dermoid cyst: Although less common, dermoid cysts can present as small, benign lesions in infants. They are teratomas that contain skin and skin derivatives and can be found on the face, neck, or scalp.
  • Do Not Miss Diagnoses
    • Neuroblastoma: Although rare, neuroblastoma can present as a skin lesion in infants. It is a malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
    • Langerhans cell histiocytosis: This rare disorder can cause skin lesions, including cysts or nodules, in infants. It is characterized by an abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells and can have serious consequences if left untreated.
  • Rare Diagnoses
    • Pilomatricoma: A rare, benign tumor of the hair follicle that can present as a small, firm nodule or cyst in infants.
    • Steatocystoma: A rare, benign lesion that is characterized by a cyst filled with sebum and can occur in infants.
    • Ectopic meningioma: An extremely rare, benign tumor that can present as a skin lesion in infants. It is thought to arise from ectopic meningeal tissue.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.