Differential Diagnosis for Dryness and Irritation on Corners of Lips

• Single Most Likely Diagnosis
  • Angular cheilitis: This condition is characterized by inflammation of the corners of the mouth, often due to fungal or bacterial infections, and can be caused by factors such as vitamin deficiencies, dehydration, or mechanical factors like drooling or mouth breathing. It is the most common cause of dryness and irritation on the corners of the lips.
• Other Likely Diagnoses
  • Eczema (atopic dermatitis): This is a chronic skin condition that can cause dry, itchy, and inflamed skin, including the corners of the mouth.
  • Contact dermatitis: An allergic reaction or irritation from substances like cosmetics, toothpaste, or certain foods can cause dryness and irritation on the lips.
  • Actinic cheilitis: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to sunlight, leading to dryness, scaling, and potential precancerous changes on the lips.
• Do Not Miss Diagnoses
  • Oral cancer: Although rare, it's crucial to consider oral cancer, especially if there's a history of tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, or a weakened immune system. Early detection is vital for effective treatment.
  • Sjögren's syndrome: An autoimmune disorder that can cause dryness in the eyes and mouth, potentially leading to complications if left untreated.
• Rare Diagnoses
  • Plummer-Vinson syndrome: A rare condition characterized by difficulty swallowing, iron deficiency anemia, and esophageal webs, which can also cause mouth and lip lesions.
  • Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome: A rare neurological disorder that can cause facial paralysis, swelling of the face and lips, and the development of folds and furrows in the tongue.