Do spinach and kale decrease estrogen levels?

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Last updated: March 19, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Spinach and kale do not significantly decrease estrogen levels in the body. These leafy green vegetables actually contain compounds that can weakly mimic estrogen in the body, but their overall effect on hormone levels is minimal [ 1 ]. The provided evidence discusses the effects of soy products on estrogen levels, noting that consumption of soy milk and soy powder has been shown to decrease concentrations of circulating estrogens [ 1 ]. However, there is no direct evidence to suggest that spinach and kale have a similar effect. Both spinach and kale are rich in nutrients like fiber, vitamins, and minerals that support general health, but they don't function as estrogen blockers.

Key Points to Consider

  • Spinach and kale are nutrient-rich foods that support overall health
  • They do not contain compounds that significantly decrease estrogen levels
  • Some cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower may help the body metabolize estrogen more efficiently, but this effect is not directly related to spinach and kale
  • Dietary changes alone are unlikely to have a substantial impact on managing estrogen levels
  • It's best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice on managing hormone levels and overall health [ 1 ].

Relevant Considerations

  • The evidence provided focuses on soy products and their potential impact on estrogen levels, rather than spinach and kale specifically [ 1 ]
  • Phytoestrogens, found in some plant-based foods, can weakly mimic estrogen in the body, but their effect on hormone levels is generally minimal [ 1 ]
  • A balanced diet that includes a variety of whole foods can support overall health and well-being, but may not have a significant impact on estrogen levels [ 1 ].

From the Research

Estrogen Levels and Leafy Greens

  • The relationship between spinach, kale, and estrogen levels is not directly addressed in the provided studies.
  • However, a whole plant foods diet, which includes leafy greens like spinach and kale, has been shown to increase estrogen excretion and lower sex hormone bioavailability 2.
  • This suggests that a diet rich in whole plant foods, including spinach and kale, may have an indirect effect on estrogen levels.

Nutritional Benefits of Spinach

  • Spinach is a functional food with diverse nutritional composition, including vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals that promote health beyond basic nutrition 3.
  • Spinach-derived phytochemicals and bioactives have been shown to have anti-cancer, anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic properties.
  • However, the specific effect of spinach on estrogen levels is not mentioned in the study.

Healthy Dietary Patterns

  • A healthy diet is characterized by high consumption of plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, seeds, and nuts, and low intake of animal-based foods 4.
  • This type of dietary pattern has been shown to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer.
  • While the study does not specifically address the effect of kale on estrogen levels, it suggests that a diet rich in whole plant foods, including kale, may have overall health benefits.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Women's Health

  • Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to have various health benefits for women, including reducing the risk of premature birth and promoting fetal growth 5.
  • However, the study does not mention the specific effect of omega-3 fatty acids on estrogen levels or the relationship between spinach, kale, and estrogen levels.

Vegetarian Diets and Health

  • Well-planned vegetarian diets, which may include spinach and kale, are considered healthful and nutritionally adequate, and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases 6.
  • Vegetarian diets tend to be low in saturated fat and cholesterol and high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and phytochemicals, which may contribute to their health benefits.
  • However, the study does not specifically address the effect of spinach and kale on estrogen levels.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Role of a Whole Plant Foods Diet in Breast Cancer Prevention and Survival.

Journal of the American Nutrition Association, 2025

Research

Women and omega-3 Fatty acids.

Obstetrical & gynecological survey, 2004

Research

Position of the American Dietetic Association: vegetarian diets.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2009

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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