From the Guidelines
Myobloc (Botulinum toxin type B) is used to treat various conditions, including blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, and axillary hyperhidrosis, as well as certain gastrointestinal disorders, such as anal fissure and dyssynergic defecation.
Uses of Myobloc
- Blepharospasm: Myobloc is used to treat blepharospasm, a condition characterized by involuntary spasms of the eyelid muscles.
- Cervical dystonia: Myobloc is used to treat cervical dystonia, a condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions in the neck.
- Axillary hyperhidrosis: Myobloc is used to treat axillary hyperhidrosis, a condition characterized by excessive sweating in the underarms.
- Gastrointestinal disorders: Myobloc is used to treat certain gastrointestinal disorders, such as anal fissure and dyssynergic defecation, as mentioned in the study by Rao et al. 1.
- Strabismus: Myobloc (botulinum toxin) can be used to treat strabismus, specifically to reduce diplopia and torticollis, as mentioned in the study on adult strabismus preferred practice pattern 1.
Dosage and Administration
The dosage and administration of Myobloc vary depending on the condition being treated. For example, the study by Rao et al. 1 mentions that the dosage of botulinum toxin for treating dyssynergic defecation is not well established, and further studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage.
Efficacy and Safety
The efficacy and safety of Myobloc have been established in various studies. For example, the study by Rao et al. 1 mentions that botulinum toxin is effective in treating dyssynergic defecation, with a response rate of 70-80%. However, the study also mentions that the likelihood and magnitude of response to botulinum toxin may vary based on treatment length, diagnosis or symptoms, disease severity, or comorbid illnesses.
Comparison with Other Treatments
Myobloc has been compared with other treatments for various conditions. For example, the study on adult strabismus preferred practice pattern 1 mentions that chemodenervation (botulinum toxin) of the medial rectus muscle may be used to reduce secondary contracture and the severity of compensatory head position, in addition to other treatments such as occlusion and prisms.
From the Research
Uses of Myobloc (Botulinum toxin type B)
- Myobloc (Botulinum toxin type B) is FDA-approved for the treatment of cervical dystonia 2, 3, 4
- It has been used off-label for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis, with studies showing its safety and efficacy for this indication 2, 3
- Myobloc (Botulinum toxin type B) has also been used for the management of hyperhidrosis, a disease in search of a long-needed treatment 3
- It has been used in facial aesthetics, with a different mechanism of action compared to type A toxins (Botox and Dysport) 5, 6
- The duration of action of Myobloc (Botulinum toxin type B) for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis ranged from 2.2 to 8.1 months (mean 5.0 months) 2