From the Research
Antibiotic prophylaxis is not generally recommended for tooth (dental) fractures, including tuft fractures, unless there is significant contamination, extensive soft tissue damage, or exposure of the pulp or bone. In such cases, a short course of antibiotics may be considered. The most recent and highest quality study 1 recommends the use of a first-generation cephalosporin, such as cefazolin, for prophylactic antibiotic treatment in open fractures. However, this study is focused on open extremity fractures, and its applicability to dental fractures is limited. Another study 2 provides guidelines for antibiotic use in open extremity fractures, but also does not specifically address dental fractures. Given the lack of direct evidence, the decision to use antibiotics in dental fractures should be made on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the severity of the fracture, the presence of contamination or soft tissue damage, and the patient's overall health status. Proper wound management, including thorough irrigation and debridement, and close follow-up to monitor for signs of infection, are crucial in preventing infection and promoting healing in dental fractures. If antibiotics are deemed necessary, a first-generation cephalosporin like cefazolin or an alternative such as amoxicillin-clavulanate may be considered, with the choice of antibiotic and duration of treatment depending on the specific circumstances of the case, as suggested by older studies 3 and 4. It is essential to weigh the potential benefits of antibiotic prophylaxis against the risks of antimicrobial resistance and other adverse effects.