From the Guidelines
Ice should not be applied directly to thermal burns as it can produce tissue ischemia and worsen tissue damage. Instead, cool running water is the recommended first aid treatment for burns, as it helps stop the burning process, reduces pain, and minimizes additional harm 1. When a burn occurs, immediately place the affected area under cool (not cold) running water for about 10-20 minutes. This approach is supported by the 2015 American Heart Association and American Red Cross guidelines, which recommend cooling thermal burns with cool or cold potable water as soon as possible and for at least 10 minutes (Class I, LOE B-NR) 1.
Key Considerations
- Cool running water is the preferred method for cooling thermal burns, not ice or icy water.
- Cooling with water should be done for at least 10-20 minutes to effectively reduce pain and minimize tissue damage.
- After cooling, the burn should be covered with a clean, non-stick bandage or sterile gauze to protect the wound and promote healing.
- It is essential to monitor for hypothermia when cooling large burns, as prolonged cold exposure can cause further local tissue injury and hypothermia 1.
- Burns that are larger than 3 inches, affect the face, hands, feet, genitals, or major joints, or appear deep should be evaluated by a healthcare provider as soon as possible (Class I, LOE C-EO) 1.
From the Research
Adverse Effects of Applying Ice to Thermal Burns
- There is no direct evidence in the provided studies to suggest the adverse effects of applying ice to thermal burns 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, the studies discuss the importance of cooling in the acute management of burns, but do not specify the use of ice as a cooling method 2.
- The studies focus on the use of antiseptics, topical antimicrobial agents, and other treatments for burn wound care, but do not address the specific use of ice as a treatment for thermal burns 3, 4, 5, 6.
- It is worth noting that applying ice to thermal burns is not a recommended treatment method, as it can cause further damage to the affected tissue, but this information is not supported by the provided studies.
Burn Treatment and Management
- The studies emphasize the importance of proper burn treatment and management, including cooling, wound dressing, and infection prevention 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- The use of antiseptics and topical antimicrobial agents is discussed as a way to prevent infection and promote healing in burn wounds 4, 5.
- The studies also highlight the need for early referral to a burn center for severe burns, and the importance of patient education in preventing burn injuries 6.