Can you crush Adderall (amphetamine and dextroamphetamine) XR (extended release) tablets?

Adderall XR Should Not Be Crushed

Adderall XR (extended-release) formulations should not be crushed as this destroys the extended-release mechanism, potentially causing dangerous rapid absorption and overdose. 1

Why Crushing Adderall XR Is Dangerous

Crushing Adderall XR tablets or opening the capsules has several serious consequences:

• Destroys the extended-release mechanism, causing all medication to be released at once
• Can lead to potentially fatal overdose due to altered absorption 2
• Exposes the person crushing the medication to drug particles, which may have harmful effects 2
• Compromises treatment efficacy and patient safety 3

Appropriate Administration of Adderall XR

For Patients Who Can Swallow Capsules

• Adderall XR should be taken whole, not crushed or chewed
• Should be taken in the morning to minimize insomnia 4
• Can be taken with or without food, though consistent timing with meals is recommended 5

For Patients With Swallowing Difficulties

For adolescents who have difficulty swallowing capsules, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry notes that:

• Adderall XR capsules can be opened and the contents sprinkled on applesauce 1
• The contents should be consumed immediately without chewing
• This maintains the extended-release properties while making administration easier

For Patients Requiring Feeding Tubes

Unlike some medications that can be administered through feeding tubes when crushed (such as apixaban, rivaroxaban, or edoxaban) 1, Adderall XR is not suitable for crushing and administration through feeding tubes due to its extended-release properties.

Alternative Options

If a patient cannot take Adderall XR as prescribed:

1. Consider immediate-release formulations: These are designed to be taken multiple times per day
2. Explore other ADHD medications: Different formulations or delivery systems may be more appropriate
3. Consult with a pharmacist: Before altering any medication, always consult with a healthcare provider or pharmacist 6

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

• Never crush extended-release medications: This practice can lead to dangerous overdose 2, 7
• Don't assume all medications can be crushed: Always verify before altering any medication 6
• Avoid splitting tablets without guidance: Not all medications can be safely split 6
• Don't mix crushed medications with food without checking: Some medications may degrade when mixed with certain foods 2

Clinical Implications

Crushing Adderall XR is a potentially dangerous practice that contravenes both legal and professional requirements 7. The clinical consequences can be severe, including overdose, treatment failure, and exposure to harmful drug particles 2. Healthcare providers should ensure patients understand the proper administration of their medications and provide alternatives when necessary.