From the Guidelines
Not all Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) are hormonal.
Types of IUDs
- Hormonal IUDs: These contain hormones such as levonorgestrel, examples include Liletta, Mirena, Kyleena, and Skyla, which are effective for at least 3 to 5 years 1.
- Non-hormonal IUDs: These are hormone-free, such as the copper IUD (Paragard), which is effective for at least 10 years and often increases menstrual bleeding 1. The choice between a hormonal and non-hormonal IUD depends on individual preferences and medical considerations, such as the desire to reduce menstrual bleeding or concerns about hormone-related side effects 1.
From the Research
Types of Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
- There are two main types of IUDs: copper IUDs and hormonal IUDs 2, 3, 4
- Copper IUDs do not contain hormones, while hormonal IUDs release a progestin, such as levonorgestrel 2, 3
Hormonal IUDs
- Hormonal IUDs release a certain amount of progestogen, which prevents unwanted pregnancy and regulates menstrual bleeding 5, 3
- The levonorgestrel-releasing IUD is associated with a marked reduction in menstrual blood loss and irregular bleeding, and can also be used to treat heavy menstrual bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and endometrial hyperplasia 2, 3, 4
- Hormonal IUDs can have hormonal adverse effects, such as headache, acne, breast tension, and functional ovarian cysts 2
Non-Hormonal IUDs
- Copper IUDs are a non-hormonal option for contraception and can be used in women with a history of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or coronary events 2
- Copper IUDs can cause heavier menstrual bleeding and menstrual pain in some women 2
Conclusion is not allowed, evidence will continue
- The effectiveness and safety of IUDs have been extensively studied, with research showing that they are a highly effective form of contraception with a low risk of complications 2, 5, 3, 6, 4
- IUDs can be used in a variety of populations, including adolescents and women who are breastfeeding or have certain medical conditions 2, 4