Portal Hypertension: This condition is often associated with liver cirrhosis and can cause splenomegaly due to increased pressure in the portal vein. Dysphagia can occur if there are esophageal varices, which are enlarged veins in the esophagus that can bleed easily and cause difficulty swallowing.

Gastric Cancer: Gastric cancer can cause dysphagia if the tumor obstructs the esophagus or stomach. Splenomegaly can occur due to metastasis or as a paraneoplastic syndrome.
Lymphoma: Lymphoma can cause both dysphagia and splenomegaly. Dysphagia can occur if the lymphoma involves the esophagus or stomach, while splenomegaly can occur due to lymphoma involvement of the spleen.
Chronic Liver Disease: Chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis, can cause splenomegaly and dysphagia due to the development of esophageal varices.

Esophageal Cancer: Although less common, esophageal cancer can cause dysphagia and can be associated with splenomegaly if there is metastasis to the spleen. Missing this diagnosis can be deadly due to the aggressive nature of esophageal cancer.
Infectious Diseases (e.g., Tuberculosis, Histoplasmosis): Certain infectious diseases can cause both dysphagia and splenomegaly. These conditions can be deadly if not treated promptly, especially in immunocompromised patients.

Sarcoidosis: Sarcoidosis is a rare condition that can cause both dysphagia and splenomegaly. Dysphagia can occur if sarcoidosis involves the esophagus, while splenomegaly can occur due to sarcoidosis involvement of the spleen.
Amyloidosis: Amyloidosis is a rare condition that can cause dysphagia and splenomegaly. Dysphagia can occur if amyloid deposits involve the esophagus, while splenomegaly can occur due to amyloid deposits in the spleen.
Histiocytosis: Histiocytosis is a rare condition that can cause both dysphagia and splenomegaly. Dysphagia can occur if histiocytosis involves the esophagus, while splenomegaly can occur due to histiocytosis involvement of the spleen.