Differential Diagnosis for TMJ
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD): This is the most common condition affecting the TMJ, characterized by pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and surrounding muscles. It is often related to teeth grinding, jaw clenching, or other factors like stress and poor posture.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Bruxism: Characterized by grinding or clenching of the teeth, which can lead to TMJ pain and dysfunction. It often occurs at night during sleep.
- Dental Malocclusion: Misalignment of the upper and lower teeth can put strain on the TMJ, leading to pain and discomfort.
- Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A condition that affects the muscles of the face, neck, and jaw, leading to pain and limited range of motion.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Trigeminal Neuralgia: A chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which can cause intense pain in the face, including the jaw area. Although less common, missing this diagnosis could lead to significant morbidity.
- Lyme Disease: In rare cases, Lyme disease can cause TMJ pain and swelling. Given its potential for serious complications if untreated, it's crucial not to miss this diagnosis.
- Parotid Gland Tumors: Although rare, tumors of the parotid gland can cause pain and swelling in the jaw area, mimicking TMJ disorders.
- Rare diagnoses
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and other Autoimmune Disorders: These conditions can affect the TMJ, causing pain, swelling, and limited mobility. However, they are less common causes of TMJ symptoms.
- Synovial Chondromatosis: A rare condition where cartilage grows in the joint, leading to pain and limited mobility.
- TMJ Ankylosis: A condition where the jaw joint becomes fused, leading to limited or no mobility of the jaw. It can result from trauma, infection, or other conditions.