Can metoprolol (beta blocker) tartrate tablets be split?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: October 4, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets Can Be Split

Yes, metoprolol tartrate tablets can be safely split without affecting their efficacy or safety profile. 1

Evidence Supporting Tablet Splitting

  • Metoprolol tartrate is available in immediate-release formulation that can be split to adjust dosing as needed 2
  • Studies specifically examining metoprolol tablet splitting have confirmed that splitting does not adversely affect dissolution properties of the medication 1
  • Clinical guidelines for hypertension and cardiovascular conditions list metoprolol tartrate in dosing ranges that often require dose adjustments, implying that splitting is an acceptable practice 2

Important Distinctions Between Metoprolol Formulations

Metoprolol Tartrate (Can Be Split)

  • Immediate-release formulation typically dosed twice daily 2
  • Available in various strengths (25-100 mg) that may need adjustment based on patient response 2
  • Commonly used for hypertension, angina, and post-myocardial infarction management 2
  • Typical dosing range is 100-200 mg daily in divided doses 2

Metoprolol Succinate (Should NOT Be Split)

  • Extended-release formulation designed for once-daily dosing 3
  • Contains controlled-release pellets that individually deliver medication over approximately 20 hours 3
  • Crushing or splitting disrupts the modified-release mechanism, significantly altering dissolution profiles 4, 5
  • Recent research (2024) confirms that crushing metoprolol succinate tablets changes their dissolution profile across various pH environments 5

Clinical Considerations When Splitting Metoprolol Tartrate

  • Splitting allows for dose titration, which is often necessary when initiating beta-blocker therapy 2
  • For patients with heart failure or post-MI, starting with lower doses (25-50 mg) and gradually increasing is recommended, making tablet splitting particularly useful 2
  • For supraventricular tachycardia management, precise dose adjustments may be needed based on heart rate response 2
  • When treating hypertension, dose adjustments are common to achieve target blood pressure while minimizing side effects 2

Precautions When Splitting Tablets

  • Use a proper tablet splitter rather than a knife or manual breaking to ensure dose accuracy 1
  • Inspect the tablet to ensure it has a score line before attempting to split 1
  • Be aware that some generic formulations may have different physical properties that could affect splitting precision 4
  • Do not confuse metoprolol tartrate (which can be split) with metoprolol succinate extended-release tablets (which should not be split) 4, 5

In summary, metoprolol tartrate tablets are designed to be split when necessary for dose adjustment, and research confirms that splitting does not compromise the medication's dissolution properties or effectiveness 1. However, it's crucial to distinguish between metoprolol tartrate (immediate-release) which can be split, and metoprolol succinate (extended-release) which should not be split as doing so would disrupt its controlled-release mechanism 4, 5.

References

Research

Influence of splitting on dissolution properties of metoprolol tablets.

Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences, 2009

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Evaluation of in vitro dissolution profiles of modified-release metoprolol succinate tablets crushed using mortar and pestle technique.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2024

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.