Viral Pharyngitis: This is the most common cause of swollen throat glands without throat redness, often resulting from viral infections such as mononucleosis or the common cold. The absence of throat redness suggests a viral etiology rather than a bacterial one.

Mononucleosis (Infectious Mononucleosis): Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, it leads to swollen lymph nodes in the throat, fatigue, and sometimes fever, without necessarily causing throat redness.
Toxoplasmosis: Although less common, toxoplasmosis can cause swollen lymph nodes, particularly in the neck, without significant throat inflammation.
HIV Infection: Acute HIV infection can present with swollen lymph nodes, including those in the throat, among other symptoms like fever and rash, but not necessarily throat redness.

Lymphoma: Although rare, lymphoma can present with swollen lymph nodes in the neck, including those in the throat area, without initial throat redness. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis to ensure timely treatment.
Tuberculosis: TB can cause swollen lymph nodes, particularly in the neck, and may not always present with the classic symptoms of cough, fever, and night sweats. Missing this diagnosis could lead to severe consequences.
Sarcoidosis: This autoimmune disease can cause swollen lymph nodes and may affect various parts of the body, including the throat. While less common, it's a diagnosis that should not be missed due to its potential for serious complications.

Castleman Disease: A rare disorder that involves an overgrowth of cells in the body's lymph nodes, which can cause swollen throat glands among other symptoms.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A rare condition that affects the lymph nodes in the neck, causing them to swell, and is often accompanied by fever and night sweats.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection: While CMV can cause a mononucleosis-like syndrome with swollen lymph nodes, it's less common than other viral causes and typically affects immunocompromised individuals or those who have received organ transplants.