Differential Diagnosis for Recurrent Fever in a 74-year-old Male Exposed to Chickens
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Psittacosis: This diagnosis is likely due to the patient's exposure to chickens. Psittacosis is a bacterial infection caused by Chlamydophila psittaci, which can be transmitted to humans from infected birds, including chickens. The patient's age and exposure history make this a plausible diagnosis.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Influenza: Given the patient's age, influenza is a common cause of recurrent fever, especially during flu season.
- Avian Influenza: Although less common, avian influenza (bird flu) can be transmitted to humans who come into contact with infected birds, making it a possible diagnosis.
- Campylobacteriosis: This bacterial infection can be acquired through contact with chickens or their feces, leading to symptoms like fever.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Salmonellosis: This bacterial infection can be severe in older adults and is associated with contact with chickens or their feces. Missing this diagnosis could lead to severe consequences, including sepsis.
- E. coli Infection: Certain strains of E. coli can cause severe infections, including those acquired from animal exposure. Older adults are at higher risk for complications.
- Histoplasmosis: Although more commonly associated with exposure to bird or bat droppings, histoplasmosis can cause recurrent fever and is important not to miss due to its potential severity.
Rare Diagnoses
- Q Fever: Caused by Coxiella burnetii, Q fever is a rare zoonotic disease that can be transmitted from animals, including birds, to humans. It's less likely but should be considered in the differential due to the patient's exposure to chickens.
- Cryptococcosis: This fungal infection is more common in immunocompromised individuals but can be acquired from exposure to bird droppings. It's a rare consideration but important in patients with recurrent fever and appropriate exposure history.