Migraine with aura: This condition is characterized by visual disturbances, including flashes and streaks of light, often in the peripheral vision, preceding or accompanying a migraine headache. The symptoms described are classic for a migraine aura.

Ocular migraine: Similar to migraine with aura, but without the headache. The visual symptoms can be identical and are thought to be related to migraine pathology but without the pain component.
Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD): As people age, the vitreous gel in the eye can shrink and pull away from the retina, causing flashes of light. This is a common condition, especially in people over 40.
Vitreous detachment with retinal tear: A more serious condition where the vitreous detachment causes a tear in the retina, leading to flashes of light and potentially severe vision loss if not treated promptly.

Retinal detachment: A medical emergency where the retina separates from the back of the eye, causing sudden flashes of light, floaters, and vision loss. Prompt treatment is necessary to preserve vision.
Central retinal vein occlusion: A blockage of the main vein of the retina, which can cause sudden vision loss and may be preceded by flashes of light.
Temporal arteritis (Giant Cell Arteritis): An inflammation of the blood vessels, particularly those in the head, which can cause visual disturbances, including flashes of light, and potentially lead to blindness if not treated.

Occipital lobe seizures: Rarely, seizures originating in the occipital lobe of the brain can cause visual hallucinations, including flashes of light.
Lympoma or other intracranial tumors: In rare cases, tumors in the brain can cause visual disturbances due to pressure on the visual pathways.
Malignant hypertension: Severe high blood pressure can cause visual symptoms, including flashes of light, due to the effect on the blood vessels in the eye and brain.