Differential Diagnosis for Severe Burning Micturation with Increased Urine Frequency
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): This is the most common cause of dysuria (painful urination) and frequent urination. Bacteria such as E. coli are often responsible, and the symptoms presented are classic for a lower urinary tract infection.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, often due to infection, can cause burning during urination. This condition can be caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like gonorrhea or chlamydia, or by other bacteria.
- Prostatitis: Inflammation of the prostate gland, which can be caused by bacterial infection, can lead to symptoms including painful urination and increased frequency.
- Vaginitis: In women, inflammation of the vagina, often due to yeast infections or bacterial vaginosis, can cause irritation that leads to dysuria and frequent urination.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Kidney Stones: While not the most common cause, kidney stones can cause severe pain and burning during urination, especially if they are obstructing the flow of urine. Missing this diagnosis could lead to severe complications, including kidney damage.
- Interstitial Cystitis: A chronic condition causing bladder pressure, bladder pain, and sometimes pelvic pain. The symptoms can worsen as the bladder fills and may improve with urination.
- Tuberculosis of the Urinary Tract: A rare but serious infection that can cause chronic symptoms, including painful urination and frequency. It's crucial not to miss this diagnosis due to its potential for severe consequences if left untreated.
Rare Diagnoses
- Bladder Cancer: Though rare, bladder cancer can cause symptoms such as painful urination and increased frequency. It's more common in older adults and those with a history of smoking.
- Schistosomiasis: A parasitic infection that can affect the urinary tract, causing symptoms like dysuria and hematuria (blood in the urine). It's rare in most parts of the world but should be considered in travelers to or immigrants from endemic areas.
- Sjögren's Syndrome: An autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation in various parts of the body, including the bladder, leading to symptoms of interstitial cystitis.