Premature birth: The rooting reflex is one of the earliest reflexes to develop in utero and should be present at birth in full-term babies. Its absence in a 2-week-old baby could suggest prematurity, where reflexes may develop later due to the baby's gestational age at birth.

Hypotonia: Generalized hypotonia (low muscle tone) can lead to a decrease or absence of reflexes, including the rooting reflex. This condition can be due to various causes, including genetic disorders, metabolic disorders, or infections.
Neurological disorders: Conditions affecting the brain or spinal cord, such as cerebral palsy, stroke, or spinal cord injuries, can impair reflexes. However, these are less common in newborns and would typically be associated with other significant symptoms.
Infection or sepsis: Severe infection can cause a decrease in reflexes due to the systemic effects of the infection on the body, including the nervous system.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA): A genetic disorder that affects the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement. Most types of SMA present in the first few months of life, and the absence of reflexes, including the rooting reflex, can be an early sign.
Botulism: Although rare, infant botulism can present with hypotonia, weak cry, and poor feeding, along with the absence of reflexes. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis due to its potential for severe outcomes if not treated promptly.
Congenital hypothyroidism: This condition can lead to hypotonia and developmental delays, including the absence or delay of reflexes. Early diagnosis is critical for treatment and preventing long-term developmental issues.

Prader-Willi syndrome: A rare genetic disorder that can cause hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and developmental delays. The absence of the rooting reflex could be an early sign, although it is part of a broader spectrum of symptoms.
Myotonic dystrophy: A genetic disorder that affects muscle tone and is characterized by myotonia (a prolonged muscle spasm) and hypotonia. It's rare for this condition to present with absent reflexes in the neonatal period, but it's a consideration in the differential diagnosis of hypotonia and absent reflexes.
Pompe disease: A rare genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase, leading to glycogen accumulation in muscles and affecting their function. It can present with hypotonia and absent reflexes, among other symptoms.