Differential Diagnosis for Cutaneous Rashes and Cellulitis in a Patient with Myeloma
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Cellulitis: This is the most likely diagnosis given the presentation of cutaneous rashes and cellulitis on the buttock. Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection that can occur in anyone, but patients with myeloma may be more susceptible due to immunosuppression.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Herpes Zoster: Reactivation of varicella-zoster virus can cause shingles, which may present as a rash. Patients with myeloma are at increased risk due to their immunocompromised state.
- Fungal Infections: Immunocompromised patients are prone to fungal infections, which can cause skin rashes. Candidiasis and aspergillosis are examples that could present with cutaneous manifestations.
- Steroid-induced Skin Changes: If the patient is on corticosteroids as part of their myeloma treatment, they may experience skin changes, including thinning of the skin, which could predispose to or mimic cellulitis.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Necrotizing Fasciitis: Although less common, this is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention. It can present similarly to cellulitis but progresses rapidly and can be fatal if not treated promptly.
- Malignant Cellulitis due to Neutropenia: In patients with myeloma, especially those undergoing chemotherapy, neutropenia can lead to severe infections, including a form of cellulitis that can rapidly progress.
Rare Diagnoses
- Sweet Syndrome (Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis): This rare condition can present with fever, leukocytosis, and tender, erythematous skin lesions. It can be associated with hematologic malignancies, including myeloma.
- Leukemic Cutis: Direct infiltration of the skin by myeloma cells is rare but can cause skin lesions. This would be a rare but significant diagnosis to consider in a patient with myeloma presenting with cutaneous manifestations.