Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): This is the most common cause of dysuria (painful urination) and can be associated with vaginal discharge, especially if the infection has spread to the urethra or if there is an underlying condition like bacterial vaginosis.

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV): Characterized by an imbalance of the normal vaginal flora, leading to symptoms like vaginal discharge and sometimes dysuria if the urethra is irritated.
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (Yeast Infection): Can cause dysuria, especially if the infection is severe and involves the vulva and urethral opening, along with the typical symptom of vaginal discharge.
Trichomoniasis: A sexually transmitted infection that can cause both dysuria and vaginal discharge, often with a foul odor.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: These sexually transmitted infections can cause symptoms of dysuria and vaginal discharge, especially if they have ascended to the upper genital tract.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Although it may not always present with dysuria, PID is a serious condition that can result from untreated sexually transmitted infections and can lead to severe consequences like infertility if not promptly treated.
Kidney Stones: While not typically associated with vaginal discharge, kidney stones can cause severe dysuria and are a medical emergency if they cause an obstruction.
Septic Abortion or Ectopic Pregnancy: In pregnant women, these conditions can present with abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and potentially dysuria if there is associated urinary tract involvement.

Foreign Body in the Vagina or Urethra: Can cause both dysuria and vaginal discharge due to irritation and potential infection.
Vaginal or Urethral Tumors: Rarely, tumors in these areas can cause symptoms of dysuria and abnormal vaginal discharge.
Diverticulitis of the Urethra: A rare condition where a pouch forms in the urethral wall, potentially causing dysuria and discharge.