Composition of Syrup AbKof LS
Syrup AbKof LS contains dextromethorphan (a cough suppressant) and guaifenesin (an expectorant) as its active ingredients. 1
Active Ingredients and Their Functions
- Dextromethorphan is a non-sedating opiate that acts centrally to suppress the cough reflex, making it effective for non-productive cough 2
- Guaifenesin (glyceryl guaicolate) is an expectorant that helps loosen phlegm and bronchial secretions in the symptomatic management of cough associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections 3
Mechanism of Action
- Dextromethorphan works by suppressing the cough reflex in the central nervous system, with maximum cough reflex suppression occurring at 60 mg doses 2
- Guaifenesin increases expectorated sputum volume over the first 4 to 6 days of a productive cough, decreases sputum viscosity, reduces difficulty in expectoration, and improves associated symptoms 3
Clinical Applications
- The combination is commonly used for symptomatic management of cough when complicated by tenacious mucus, mucus plugs, or congestion 3
- Dextromethorphan is recommended as a first-line antitussive agent due to its superior safety profile compared to opioid alternatives 2
- Guaifenesin has clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness as an expectorant, though evidence for its efficacy specifically in sinusitis is insufficient 3
Dosing Considerations
- Standard over-the-counter dosing of dextromethorphan is often subtherapeutic, with optimal cough suppression occurring at 60 mg 2
- The combination of these medications in a syrup formulation allows for convenient administration and potentially improved patient compliance 1
Safety Profile
- The combination of dextromethorphan and guaifenesin in AbKof LS syrup is generally well-tolerated at recommended doses 4
- At standard therapeutic doses, dextromethorphan has fewer adverse effects compared to codeine-based antitussives 2
- Caution should be exercised with higher doses of dextromethorphan as it can be subject to abuse and may cause psychosis-like symptoms at very high doses (over 1500 mg/day) 5
Important Considerations
- Dextromethorphan has overtaken codeine as the most widely used cough suppressant due to its availability, efficacy, and safety profile at directed doses 5
- Guaifenesin is commonly prescribed as an adjunctive agent for respiratory conditions, though clinical trials specifically for sinusitis are lacking 3
- The combination is formulated as a syrup to facilitate administration and may contain additional excipients such as benzoic acid and sweeteners for stability and palatability 1