How to minimize cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use?

From the Guidelines

To minimize cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use, it is essential to use cannabis in moderation, choose lower-THC products, and avoid smoking, as this method increases cardiovascular risks. When using cannabis, consider the following:

• Avoid mixing cannabis with alcohol, tobacco, or stimulants like cocaine or amphetamines, as these combinations significantly increase heart strain 1.
• If you have existing heart conditions, consult your doctor before using cannabis and consider CBD-dominant products with minimal THC.
• Be aware of warning signs like chest pain, rapid heartbeat, or shortness of breath while using cannabis and seek immediate medical attention if these occur.
• Cannabis can temporarily increase heart rate by 20-50 beats per minute and raise blood pressure, which puts additional stress on your cardiovascular system.
• THC activates the endocannabinoid system, which affects blood vessel dilation and heart function.
• Those with arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, or heart failure should be particularly cautious, as cannabis may exacerbate these conditions. Some key points to consider:
• Adopting a healthy and balanced diet, such as the Mediterranean or DASH diets, is recommended to help reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk 2.
• Restricting free sugar consumption and discouraging consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages can also help reduce cardiovascular risk.
• Stopping tobacco smoking and avoiding alcohol consumption can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk.
• Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight can also help minimize cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use. It is crucial to prioritize moderation and caution when using cannabis, especially for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions or those at high risk for cardiovascular disease. By following these guidelines and being aware of the potential risks, individuals can minimize their cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use.

From the Research

Minimizing Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Cannabis Use

To minimize cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use, several strategies can be employed based on existing research:

• Delay the onset of cannabis use until after adolescence, as early use is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease 3
• Avoid the use of high-potency (THC) cannabis products, as they may increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events 3
• Refrain from high-frequency and high-intensity use of cannabis, as this has been linked to elevated cardiovascular disease risk scores 4
• Avoid smoking cannabis, as smoking is a significant risk factor for myocardial infarction, and consider alternative routes of administration such as vaping or ingestion, which may be less harmful 5
• Use legal and regulated cannabis products where possible, as these may have lower risks of contamination and adulteration 3
• Exercise particular caution with cannabis use if you are a young person, pregnant woman, driver, older adult, or have co-morbidities, as these groups are at higher risk of cannabis-related harms 3

Key Findings

Key findings from the research include:

• Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents, and heart failure 4, 6, 7
• The risk of cardiovascular disease associated with cannabis use is dose-dependent, with higher frequency and intensity of use associated with greater risks 4
• Cannabis smoking is a significant risk factor for myocardial infarction, and vaping or ingestion may be less harmful 5
• Delaying the onset of cannabis use until after adolescence and avoiding high-potency products can help reduce the risk of adverse health outcomes 3