From the Guidelines
Diet Coke is generally considered safe for people with kidney disease when consumed in moderation, with a recommended limit of 1-2 cans daily. The artificial sweeteners in Diet Coke, primarily aspartame, do not appear to directly harm kidney function in most individuals 1. However, it is essential to consider the potential effects of other ingredients, such as phosphoric acid and caffeine, on kidney health. Phosphoric acid may be a concern for those with advanced kidney disease who need to limit phosphorus intake, while caffeine can act as a mild diuretic, potentially affecting hydration status 1. People with kidney stones should be particularly cautious, as the phosphoric acid in Diet Coke might contribute to stone formation in susceptible individuals.
Key Considerations
- Limit Diet Coke consumption to 1-2 cans daily
- Consider the potential effects of phosphoric acid and caffeine on kidney health
- Consult with a nephrologist for personalized dietary recommendations
- Prioritize a balanced, healthy diet that is high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fiber, legumes, plant-based proteins, unsaturated fats, and nuts, and lower in processed meats, refined carbohydrates, and sweetened beverages 1
Additional Recommendations
- Patients with diabetes and kidney disease should focus on consuming a balanced diet and limiting sodium intake to less than 2 g/d 1
- Physical activity is essential for overall health, and patients with diabetes and kidney disease should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week 1
- Always consult with a healthcare provider before making any significant changes to your diet or exercise routine.
From the Research
Impact of Diet Coke on Renal Health
- The consumption of artificially sweetened beverages, such as Diet Coke, has been linked to an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) 2, 3, 4.
- A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis found that high consumption of artificially sweetened beverages was associated with a higher risk of CKD, although the results did not reach statistical significance 2.
- Another study found that long-term consumption of aspartame, an artificial sweetener commonly used in Diet Coke, led to a dose-dependent increase in free radicals in renal tissues and kidney injury in animal studies 5.
- A prospective study of 15,368 participants found that consuming more than 7 glasses of diet soda per week was associated with a 1.83-times higher risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) compared to consuming less than 1 glass per week 4.
- The exact mechanisms by which Diet Coke may affect renal health are not fully understood, but potential factors include the artificial sweeteners used, the acidic nature of the beverage, and the overall dietary pattern 3, 6.
- Some studies suggest that a healthy dietary pattern, including plant-based foods, coffee, and dairy, may lower the risk of CKD, while unhealthy diets and sugar-sweetened beverages may promote kidney function loss 6.