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Differential Diagnosis for Non-Specific Lymph Nodes

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Reactive Lymphadenitis: This is the most common cause of non-specific lymphadenopathy, often resulting from a viral infection or a localized immune response. The lymph nodes are usually tender, mobile, and less than 1 cm in size.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Infectious Mononucleosis: Caused by Epstein-Barr virus, it can lead to generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, and fatigue. The diagnosis is often confirmed by serology.
  • Tuberculosis: Can cause lymphadenitis, especially in endemic areas or in immunocompromised patients. The lymph nodes may be larger and more persistent.
  • Sarcoidosis: A systemic granulomatous disease that can cause lymphadenopathy, often accompanied by pulmonary symptoms or skin lesions.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Lymphoma: Both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma can present with non-specific lymphadenopathy. It's crucial to consider this diagnosis, especially in older adults or those with persistent or growing lymph nodes.
  • Metastatic Cancer: Certain cancers, like breast, lung, or melanoma, can metastasize to lymph nodes, presenting as non-specific lymphadenopathy. A thorough history and examination are essential.
  • HIV Infection: Can cause persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, especially in the early stages of infection. Consider HIV testing in patients with risk factors.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Castleman Disease: A rare lymphoproliferative disorder that can cause lymphadenopathy, often accompanied by systemic symptoms like fever and weight loss.
  • Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A rare, self-limiting condition that causes lymphadenitis, typically in young women, and is often accompanied by fever and night sweats.
  • Kimura Disease: A rare, chronic inflammatory disorder that can cause lymphadenopathy and eosinophilia, more common in Asian males.

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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