From the Guidelines
Pycnogenol should be taken with food to potentially enhance its absorption and reduce gastrointestinal discomfort, as there is no strong evidence to suggest that taking it on an empty stomach provides additional benefits. When considering the administration of Pycnogenol, it's essential to look at the most recent and highest quality studies available. Although the provided study 1 does not directly address the optimal timing of Pycnogenol intake in relation to meals, it does mention that Pycnogenol statistically significantly improved physiological measurements and quality of life. Some key points to consider when taking Pycnogenol include:
- The standard dosage ranges from 50-200 mg daily, often divided into two or three doses throughout the day.
- Pycnogenol is well-absorbed regardless of food intake, but taking it with meals may help reduce mild gastrointestinal discomfort.
- Consuming Pycnogenol with food might enhance its absorption, as some antioxidants are better absorbed in the presence of dietary fats.
- Consistency in timing is more important than whether it's taken with food for those using Pycnogenol for specific conditions like hypertension or inflammation.
- If you're taking other medications, it's advisable to space Pycnogenol apart from them by at least two hours to avoid potential interactions, though significant drug interactions are not commonly reported with this supplement. Given the information from 1, the focus should be on the overall benefits of Pycnogenol, such as improved physiological measurements and quality of life, rather than the specific timing of intake. Therefore, taking Pycnogenol with food is a reasonable approach to potentially maximize its benefits while minimizing side effects.
From the Research
Pycnogenol Administration
- The provided studies do not specifically address whether Pycnogenol should be taken on an empty stomach 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, the studies do provide information on the dosage and administration of Pycnogenol: + In the 2008 study, patients received 150 mg of Pycnogenol per day 2. + In the 2006 study, participants took 4 capsules of 50 mg Pycnogenol per day, with a suggestion to drink at least 1.5 liters of water per day 3. + In the 2018 study, participants received 150 mg of Pycnogenol per day 4. + In the 2014 study, patients took 50 mg of Pycnogenol three times a day, for a total of 150 mg per day 5. + In the 2004 study, patients received 100 mg of Pycnogenol per day 6.
Bioavailability and Absorption
- There is no direct information on the effect of food on the bioavailability and absorption of Pycnogenol in the provided studies 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
- However, it is known that the bioavailability of some flavonoids, which are components of Pycnogenol, can be affected by food intake 3.
- Further research would be needed to determine the optimal administration conditions for Pycnogenol, including whether it should be taken on an empty stomach or with food.