Fecal incontinence: This condition is characterized by the involuntary leakage of stool, which directly matches the symptom described. It can result from various factors, including diarrhea, constipation, or damage to the muscles around the anus.

Diarrheal diseases (e.g., gastroenteritis, irritable bowel syndrome): Conditions that cause loose or watery stools can lead to leakage, especially if the bowel movements are urgent or frequent.
Hemorrhoids: Although primarily known for causing bleeding, large or prolapsed hemorrhoids can also lead to fecal leakage due to the mechanical disruption of the anal canal.
Anal fissure: A tear in the lining of the anus can cause pain and leakage, especially during or after bowel movements.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause severe diarrhea, rectal urgency, and incontinence. Missing these diagnoses could lead to significant morbidity and potential complications if left untreated.
Rectal prolapse: A condition where the rectum loses its normal attachments inside the body, allowing it to protrude out through the anus, which can cause fecal incontinence.
Neurological disorders (e.g., spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis): These conditions can affect the nerves controlling bowel movements, leading to incontinence. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing these conditions effectively.

Rectovaginal fistula: An abnormal connection between the rectum and vagina, which can cause fecal leakage into the vagina. This condition is less common but can be a complication of surgery, childbirth, or certain diseases.
Proctitis: Inflammation of the rectum, which can be caused by infections, radiation, or other factors, leading to symptoms including fecal incontinence.