From the Research
Yes, a Medical Review Officer (MRO) can provide consultation assistance to employers in various aspects of workplace drug testing programs, though their primary role is to review and interpret drug test results. MROs are licensed physicians with specialized training who serve as independent and impartial gatekeepers of the drug testing process. They can assist employers by providing guidance on establishing drug testing policies, selecting appropriate testing methods, understanding federal regulations, interpreting complex test results, and managing medical explanations for positive results. MROs can also help employers navigate the complexities of reasonable suspicion testing, return-to-duty processes, and safety-sensitive considerations. However, it's essential to note that while MROs offer valuable expertise in drug testing matters, employers should also consult with legal counsel for comprehensive policy development and implementation, as MROs are not typically legal experts in employment law or human resources matters. Their consultation is most valuable for the medical and scientific aspects of workplace drug testing programs, as seen in the study by 1, which highlights the importance of MROs in helping determine cases of impairment and providing guidance on drug testing policies.
Some key aspects where MROs can provide consultation assistance include:
- Establishing drug testing policies that comply with federal and state regulations
- Selecting appropriate testing methods, such as urine or serum testing, and determining cutoff levels for positive results
- Interpreting complex test results and managing medical explanations for positive results
- Navigating the complexities of reasonable suspicion testing and return-to-duty processes
- Providing guidance on safety-sensitive considerations and ensuring compliance with federal regulations
It's crucial for employers to consult with both MROs and legal counsel to ensure comprehensive policy development and implementation, as MROs are not typically legal experts in employment law or human resources matters. The study by 2 emphasizes the need for high-quality studies evaluating the effectiveness of employer-led interventions, including the role of MROs in workplace drug testing programs. By combining the expertise of MROs and legal counsel, employers can develop effective and compliant drug testing programs that prioritize employee health and safety.